Feud in Harpers Ferry
Washington Post article By Spencer Rich
March 5, 1979
To the million tourists who visit each year, Harpers Ferry is the quaint and historic old town where John Brown made his famous 1859 raid on the U.S. arsenal.
There are restored buildings, art shops, historic displays and an old hotel, Hilltop House. The National Park Service owns and maintains some of the buildings. Other properties are privately owned.
Harpers Ferry is also the only town in the United States, as far as the park service knows, whose municipal police force was created with a park service grant.
This coup, involving $90,000, was engineered last year by Bill Brawley, political aide to Sen. Henry M. Jackson (D-Wash.) from 1970 to 1976. Brawley is the town’s mayor. His son-in-law, and attorney for a Senate subcommittee Jackson formerly headed, is town attorney. And a former subcommittee investigator was installed by them as police chief in December.
The political clout that got the money came from Senate Majority Leader Robert C. Byrd (D-W.Va.), who put the $90,000 into the 1979 park service appropriation at Brawley’s request.
Brawley thought he was doing the town (population 429) a civic service when he created the six-member police force and started drafting traffic, littering and plumbing codes.
But the campaign for law and order has infuriated some local residents and set off a festering conflict pitting Brawley against Dixie Killam, longtime influential property holder whose family was born there, who bought and restored Hilltop House and who owns the wax museum and other properties.
“We don’t object to a police department. We object to a police state,” Killam said in interview.
Killam charged that Brawley is trying to run the town like a dictator and has put in stiff local ordinances with “heavy” penalties which are turning a friendly, neighborly and charming little town into a place of harsh regimentation.
Killam said Brawley and son-in-law Keith Adkinson, the unpaid town attorney, have been drafting local ordinances imposing not only fines but also jail terms for plumbing violations, minor parking offenses, littering, refusal to admit building inspectors and even for parking trucks in the streets — with penalties in some cases of up to 30 days in jail and a $200 fine.
“Tourists are not bad people — not the kind that should be fined for having a kid throw out a paper cup,” said Anita Brown, an aide to Killam at Hilltop House.
Brawley says he is simply trying to set up legal machinery for a town that had none when he came and that needed a police force. All the traffic, parking and plumbing regulations approved by the town council at his suggestion are based on standard codes in use in many other places, he says.
The problem, he says, is that Killam for a long time has had things his own way, dominating town affairs as the richest man around.
“He closes off public streets to serve his hotel, Hilltop House… he’s been one-man rule, he’s hell-bent to destroy everythng we’re doing,” Brawley declares.
“This is not the little town that looks so peaceful in the daytime,” the new police chief, Bill Gallinaro, added in an interview.
When Brawley moved to Harpers Ferry a few years ago at the urging of his son-in-law, who already resided there, he found signs of juvenile narcotics. There, were motorcycle gangs. Officials said some fugitives wanted by the West Virginia state police were quietly holing up in some of t8e shabbier buildings a bit off the main tourist trails.
Brawley, an energetic man of 61, was elected mayor — a $200-a-year job. Ironically, Killam at that time backed him for mayor. Before long, Brawley concluded that the town needed its own police force — the state police and sheriff’s office could not provide enough protection.
Casting about for funds (the town budget was only $28,000, Brawley said), he decided to mine the place he knew best: the U.S. Senate.
He wrote Majority Leader Byrd, who chairs the Senate Interior appropriations subcommittee that handles park service funds.
Byrd eventually pushed through an amendment adding $90,000 to the park service appropriation in fiscal 1979 for a grant to the town to create a police force. The town controls the money, hires the police and has control over them. The park service did not object, reasoning, according to a spokesman, that since the town and the historic buildings were intermingled, a town police force would help keep order and maintain the historic quality of the area.
Brawley takes pride in the fact that not many small town mayors could have done that well. But then, Brawley is no ordinary small town mayor.
A savvy, experienced Washington politico, he was staff director of the Senate Post Office Committee for more than a decade.
For two years after that he was deputy postmaster general under President Kennedy. Then, fired in a dispute with the postmaster general, he became deputy director of the Democratic National Committee. Later he was vice president of Genesco, a conglomerate, and then a political aide (1970-76) to Jackson.
Nor is his son-in-law just a small town attorney. He is assistant counsel on the Senate permanent investigations subcommittee, which Jackson headed until this year.
And the man they recruited as their police chief, Gallinaro, was a longtime investigator for the Jackson subcommittee who had been involved in some heavy criminal investigative work, including the hunt for former Teamster chief Jimmy Hoffa’s body.
Gallinaro, at Adkinson’s suggestion, took the job as Harpers Ferry’s top policeman at $15,000 a year. He also draws a $13,500 Senate pension.
Although Brawley, Adkinson and Gallinaro had all worked for Jakson, the senator asserted in a telephone interview, “I had no role in any of these activities.I had no knowledge of it at all until a few hours ago when someone told me about it.”
When Gallinaro became police chief in December over protests of some residents that state law required hiring of a local resident, he energetically set out to create an effective police force. It enforces the law both in Harpers Ferry and adjoining Bolivar (population 1,033).
“I have five fullltime cops at $8,500 to $8,600 a year, plus equipment… This is the only really professional police force in the county,” the chief said.
The hiring of Gallinaro helped fan the feeling among some residents that Brawley, a relatively new resident of the town, was bringing in more outsiders to run the place.
Killam says this does not bother him as much as the “emergency” ordinances that are killing the neighborly atmosphere and, in some cases, making it harder for him to run his businesses. He hints darkly that some people feel he is being harassed because others want to run him out and buy up his property to speculate on future rises in value.
Brawley indignantly denies he is harassing Killam or seeking to pick up any of his property. He says he and his wife own only their Harpers Ferry residence and that his son-in-law owns only his residence and half-interest in another property there.
Brawley says the town council has been supporting him solidly on the ordinances and other matters and suggests that Killam does not like Brawley’s new codes because “he wants the town to run down. Then the park service will buy his hotel.” Killam says this is absurd.
The dispute between the two men could be resolved in May when Brawley is up for reelection, though he says he has not decided whether to run again. Killam does not intend to run for mayor, but said he might run for town council.
*
FEUDING
By Eugene L. Meyer
November 3, 1981
Kip Stowell, who serves on the City Council, thinks it’s “a spirit from way back or the way the air currents move through the gap here” in the Blue Ridge Mountains 60 miles west of Washington.
To many, it seems as good an explanation as any for a frustrating fact of life in this town made famous by the 1859 raid of abolitionist John Brown: A lot of the folks in Harpers Ferry just can’t get along.
That might seem strange in a small town filled with tourists soaking up history and retirees seeking peace and quiet. But many, if not most, of the 375 citizens of Harpers Ferry seem to thrive on a good fight. Neighbors argue with neighbors on even the most mundane local issue and the end result is that the town has become something of a regional laughing stock.
The most recent round of fussing and feuding came to a head if not a conclusion recently when the mayor abruptly quit after only three months in office. Normally mild-mannered Neal Randell, a sometime actor who works for the National Park Service, had wanted to restore “harmony and peacefulness in this little town, so every little decision we had to make — placing of traffic signs, patching a street, work on the water lines — didn’t have to be made in an atmosphere of acriminious argument.”
Instead, he said, his efforts had been undermined by an “ex officio parallel government.”
Randell, who critics said could not be mayor and work for the National Park Service, which owns much of the town, was soon replaced by Bradley Nash, the man he’d narrowly defeated. Nash was appointed by the council Randell could not control. And no sooner had that occurred than some citizens went to court to overturn the appointment, a challenge dismissed last week.
Divisions tend to defy simple explanations in Harpers Ferry. Newcomers and natives can be found on both sides of every argument. Personalities prevail over issues. And in a town with so many retirees from government and politics, the simple lure of battle is a factor in itself.
“It’s the result of so many people with so much experience having time on their hands,” says Braun Hamstead, Jefferson County’s prosecuting attorney. “They all want to throw their weight around. There is only so much room for so many heavies in an itty-bitty pond.”
In fact there are two towering figures around whom the factions have formed:
* D.D. (Dixie) Kilham, 61, a loquacious real estate entrepreneur and sometime impresario, has ancestral roots here he renewed 26 years ago when he moved from Baltimore and bought the Victorian-era Hilltop House Hotel, which he still owns and operates. Randell, despite his stated desire to avoid the label, is identified as a member of the Kilham clique.
* Hiram (Bill) Brawley, 64, deputy postmaster general under President Kennedy and a longtime political aide to U.S. Sen. Henry (Scoop) Jackson (D-Wash.), retired to Harpers Ferry, he says, to escape politics, then served two stormy terms as the town’s mayor. It was Brawley who complained to the Park Service that Randell had a conflict of interest as mayor.
Kilham and Brawley, and their supporters, both blame the town’s disharmony on the other and continually question each other’s motives and actions. Both say the town would be peaceful if only the other man weren’t around.
A sort of third force who has at different times aligned himself with or against the other two is Nash, a robust 81-year old who served as secretary to Herbert Hoover and as undersecretary of commerce and assistant secretary of the Air Force under Dwight Eisenhower. A Bostonian by birth, Nash was mayor before Brawley unseated him. Nash has recently written part of a book on staffing and organizing the presidency and is confident he can manage the affairs of Harpers Ferry. “You may say the mayor is calm,” he said the other day.
Amanda Goudie, however, is not. The former Georgetown coffee house operator lives in an old house on land that straddles the line dividing Harpers Ferry and the adjoining town of Bolivar. Goudie ran for mayor of both towns this year and received one vote in Harpers Ferry and six in Bolivar. “It’s nuts,” she says of the place. “Everyone I know who has an ounce of brains wants to leave because of this insanity.”
Among those who have departed recently is the police chief Goudie once bit on the arm when he tried to impound her car. “It’s unbelieveable such a small group of people could live so close physically and be so apart spiritually,” said William Gallinaro, who left his post here last month for the more hospitable climate of Fort Lauderdale, Fla.
Gallinaro, an ex-New York City policeman, Senate investigator and Mafia-prober, was brought here under a grant to the National Park Service engineered by Brawley. The reasoning was that the town police force should be funded by U.S. tax dollars because Harpers Ferry’s status as a national historic park attracts 1.6 million visitors a year. Gallinaro and Brawley fell out, Brawley says, after the chief switched sides in the local political wars.
Since the park’s dedication in 1959, the centennial of John Brown’s raid, the town has gradually changed from an economically depressed community that never recovered from the Civil War and several severe floods from the nearby Shenandoah and Potomac rivers into a tourist attraction increasingly populated by Washington commuters and retirees.
“Naturally, they look for leadership,” says Dixie Kilham. “One man has changed all of this: Bill Brawley. The long and the short of it is since Bill Brawley’s been here, he’s constantly dividing the community. I’ve got a file on him.”
Brawley, for his part, counters that Harpers Ferry’s problems stem from “a little group, controlled and influenced by Kilham. They are opposed to everything . . . .I think it’s the Dixie Kilham curse.”
“You would love living here,” Brawley’s wife, Hazel, said, “if you didn’t get involved in politics.”
Brawley, who describes himself as “sort of a hell-to-leather guy who wants to get things done,” won the mayoralty with Kilham’s support in 1977. The alliance didn’t last long. Kilham complained about the banning of tape recorders from town meetings and what was described as a “gag rule” restricting public participation at the sessions. Brawley, in turn, charged Kilham with obstructing his efforts to bring law and order and federal largesse to Harpers Ferry. It went on and on.
Except for an unsuccessful run for council in 1979, Neal Randell had watched it all from the sidelines. This June, he planned to try again but at the last moment opted for mayor instead. What changed his mind, he said, was the unopposed mayoral candidacy of Nash, whom he viewed as a front for Brawley.
Brawley, who had decided not to seek another term, saw Randell as a front for Kilham and wrote to every voter endorsing Nash and a list of council candidates. Randell, he wrote, “might be placed here to serve some special interest — if not the Park Service, then Dixie Kilham.” Voters also received official-looking “sample” ballots, and Clifton Butts, who had never even had a parking ticket, was arrested on a felony charge. The charge was later dropped but a grand jury probe ensued. Last Monday, the panel announced it would issue no indictments but said it found “poor judgment” in the conduct of the election.
Randell beat Nash by 10 votes. But the luckless victor narrowly lost control of the council and couldn’t get his appointments approved.
Through it all, Randell also fought with the Park Service to retain both his job and his mayoralty. While the dispute was working its way through the bureaucracy, he was temporarily assigned to the C & O Canal Park headquarters in nearby Maryland. His resignation ended that controversy but left little else settled.
From Florida, Gallinaro, the former police chief, predicts continued chaos for the little town he left. In Harpers Ferry, he said, “it was so penny-ante, every little thing. . . What you find there, you don’t find in, if I can use the word, a regular city where people have more important things to discuss.”
*